SpringBoot线程池的使用

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SpringBoot线程池的使用

2023-08-22 10:28| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

先创建一个线程池的配置,让Spring Boot加载,用来定义如何创建一个ThreadPoolTaskExecutor,要使用@Configuration和@EnableAsync这两个注解,表示这是个配置类,并且是线程池的配置类

@Configuration @EnableAsync public class ExecutorConfig {     private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExecutorConfig.class);     @Value("${async.executor.thread.core_pool_size}")     private int corePoolSize;     @Value("${async.executor.thread.max_pool_size}")     private int maxPoolSize;     @Value("${async.executor.thread.queue_capacity}")     private int queueCapacity;     @Value("${async.executor.thread.name.prefix}")     private String namePrefix;     @Bean(name = "asyncServiceExecutor")     public Executor asyncServiceExecutor() {         logger.info("start asyncServiceExecutor");         ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();         //配置核心线程数         executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize);         //配置最大线程数         executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);         //配置队列大小         executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity);         //配置线程池中的线程的名称前缀         executor.setThreadNamePrefix(namePrefix);         // rejection-policy:当pool已经达到max size的时候,如何处理新任务         // CALLER_RUNS:不在新线程中执行任务,而是有调用者所在的线程来执行         executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());         //执行初始化         executor.initialize();         return executor;     } }

@Value是我配置在application.properties,可以参考配置,自由定义

# 异步线程配置 # 配置核心线程数 async.executor.thread.core_pool_size = 5 # 配置最大线程数 async.executor.thread.max_pool_size = 5 # 配置队列大小 async.executor.thread.queue_capacity = 99999 # 配置线程池中的线程的名称前缀 async.executor.thread.name.prefix = async-service-

创建一个Service接口,是异步线程的接口

public interface AsyncService {     /** * 执行异步任务 * 可以根据需求,自己加参数拟定,我这里就做个测试演示  */     void executeAsync(); }

实现类

@Slf4j @Service public class AsyncServiceImpl implements AsyncService {     private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AsyncServiceImpl.class);     @Override     @Async("asyncServiceExecutor")     public void executeAsync() {         logger.info("start executeAsync"); log.info("异步线程"); log.info("执行批量插入");         logger.info("end executeAsync");     } }

将Service层的服务异步化,在executeAsync()方法上增加注解@Async("asyncServiceExecutor"),asyncServiceExecutor方法是前面ExecutorConfig.java 中的方法名,表明executeAsync方法进入的线程池是asyncServiceExecutor方法创建的

接下来就是在Controller里或者是哪里通过注解@Autowired注入这个Service

@RestController public class asyncController(){ @Autowired private AsyncService asyncService; @GetMapping("/async") public void async(){ asyncService.executeAsync(); } }

用postmain或者其他工具来多次测试请求一下

2021-12-11 22:15:47.655 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-5] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync 异步线程 执行批量插入 2021-12-11 22:15:47.655 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-5] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync 2021-12-11 22:15:47.770 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-1] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync 异步线程 执行批量插入 2021-12-11 22:15:47.770 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-1] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync 2021-12-11 22:15:47.816 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-2] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync 异步线程 执行批量插入 2021-12-11 22:15:47.816 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-2] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync 2021-12-11 22:15:48.833 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-3] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync 异步线程 执行批量插入 2021-12-11 22:15:48.834 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-3] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync 2021-12-11 22:15:48.986 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-4] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync 异步线程 执行批量插入 2021-12-11 22:15:48.987 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-4] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync

通过以上日志可以发现,[async-service-]是有多个线程的,显然已经在我们配置的线程池中执行了,并且每次请求中,controller的起始和结束日志都是连续打印的,表明每次请求都快速响应了,而耗时的操作都留给线程池中的线程去异步执行;

虽然我们已经用上了线程池,但是还不清楚线程池当时的情况,有多少线程在执行,多少在队列中等待呢?这里我创建了一个ThreadPoolTaskExecutor的子类,在每次提交线程的时候都会将当前线程池的运行状况打印出来

import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor; import org.springframework.util.concurrent.ListenableFuture; import java.util.concurrent.Callable; import java.util.concurrent.Future; import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor; /** * @Author: MrZhangxd * @Date: 2021/12/11/ 22:19 */ public class VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor extends ThreadPoolTaskExecutor { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor.class); private void showThreadPoolInfo(String prefix) { ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor = getThreadPoolExecutor(); if (null == threadPoolExecutor) { return; } logger.info("{}, {},taskCount [{}], completedTaskCount [{}], activeCount [{}], queueSize [{}]", this.getThreadNamePrefix(), prefix, threadPoolExecutor.getTaskCount(), threadPoolExecutor.getCompletedTaskCount(), threadPoolExecutor.getActiveCount(), threadPoolExecutor.getQueue().size()); } @Override public void execute(Runnable task) { showThreadPoolInfo("1. do execute"); super.execute(task); } @Override public void execute(Runnable task, long startTimeout) { showThreadPoolInfo("2. do execute"); super.execute(task, startTimeout); } @Override public Future submit(Runnable task) { showThreadPoolInfo("1. do submit"); return super.submit(task); } @Override public Future submit(Callable task) { showThreadPoolInfo("2. do submit"); return super.submit(task); } @Override public ListenableFuture submitListenable(Runnable task) { showThreadPoolInfo("1. do submitListenable"); return super.submitListenable(task); } @Override public ListenableFuture submitListenable(Callable task) { showThreadPoolInfo("2. do submitListenable"); return super.submitListenable(task); } }

如上所示,showThreadPoolInfo方法中将任务总数、已完成数、活跃线程数,队列大小都打印出来了,然后Override了父类的execute、submit等方法,在里面调用showThreadPoolInfo方法,这样每次有任务被提交到线程池的时候,都会将当前线程池的基本情况打印到日志中;

修改ExecutorConfig.java的asyncServiceExecutor方法,将ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor()改为ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor()

@Bean(name = "asyncServiceExecutor") public Executor asyncServiceExecutor() { logger.info("start asyncServiceExecutor"); //在这里修改 ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor(); //配置核心线程数 executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize); //配置最大线程数 executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize); //配置队列大小 executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity); //配置线程池中的线程的名称前缀 executor.setThreadNamePrefix(namePrefix); // rejection-policy:当pool已经达到max size的时候,如何处理新任务 // CALLER_RUNS:不在新线程中执行任务,而是有调用者所在的线程来执行 executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy()); //执行初始化 executor.initialize(); return executor; }

再次启动该工程测试

2021-12-11 22:23:30.951  INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-2] org.MrZhangxd.com.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [0], completedTaskCount [0], activeCount [0], queueSize [0] 2021-12-11 22:23:30.952  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-1] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : start executeAsync 异步线程 执行批量插入 2021-12-11 22:23:30.953  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-1] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : end executeAsync 2021-12-11 22:23:31.351  INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-3] org.MrZhangxd.com.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [1], completedTaskCount [1], activeCount [0], queueSize [0] 2021-12-11 22:23:31.353  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-2] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : start executeAsync 异步线程 执行批量插入 2021-12-11 22:23:31.353  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-2] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : end executeAsync 2021-12-11 22:23:31.927  INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-5] org.MrZhangxd.com.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [2], completedTaskCount [2], activeCount [0], queueSize [0] 2021-12-11 22:23:31.929  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-3] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : start executeAsync 异步线程 执行批量插入 2021-12-11 22:23:31.930  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-3] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : end executeAsync 2021-12-11 22:23:32.496  INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-7] org.MrZhangxd.com.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [3], completedTaskCount [3], activeCount [0], queueSize [0] 2021-12-11 22:23:32.498  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-4] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : start executeAsync 异步线程 执行批量插入 2021-12-11 22:23:32.499  INFO 14088 --- [async-service-4] org.MrZhangxd.com.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl   : end executeAsync

注意这一行日志:

2021-12-11 22:23:32.496  INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-7] org.MrZhangxd.com.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [3], completedTaskCount [3], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]

这说明提交任务到线程池的时候,调用的是submit(Callable task)这个方法,当前已经提交了3个任务,完成了3个,当前有0个线程在处理任务,还剩0个任务在队列中等待,线程池的基本情况一路了然.



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